1. Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

Authors must adhere to the following standards:

• Submit original, unpublished work that is not under review elsewhere.
• Properly cite all sources using APA 7th Edition style.
• Strictly avoid plagiarism, self-plagiarism, data fabrication, and falsification.
• Similarity index tolerance: maximum 20%.
• Provide accurate data and sufficient detail to allow research replication.
• Disclose any potential conflicts of interest and acknowledge funding sources.
• Notify the editor promptly to correct or retract work if significant errors are discovered post-publication.

2. Ethical Responsibilities of Editors

• Evaluate manuscripts solely based on academic merit without bias.
• Maintain strict confidentiality of all submitted manuscripts.
• Manage and avoid any personal or financial conflicts of interest.
• Ensure a fair and rigorous double-blind peer-review process.
• Take decisive action in cases of ethical misconduct, including issuing corrections or retractions.

3. Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

• Maintain absolute confidentiality regarding the review process.
• Provide objective, constructive, and timely feedback to authors.
• Identify and report relevant uncited literature or potential plagiarism to the editor.
• Declare any conflicts of interest before agreeing to review a manuscript.

4. Publication Malpractice

The journal will investigate all allegations of misconduct, including:

Sanctions: Violation of these ethics may result in manuscript rejection, formal retraction, author blacklisting, and notification to the author's home institution.